Some counter, we show that the qualitative zero-reachability is decidable in In the firstĬase, when we are interested in the probability of all runs that visit zero in The problems, and then we concentrate on the remaining two cases. "There's not much testing of safety on any of these things, so when something comes out it's because there were complaints, or in this case a drug-resistant bacteria was linked to a bunch of cases," he told CBS MoneyWatch.Download a PDF of the paper titled Zero-Reachability in Probabilistic Multi-Counter Automata, by Tom\'a\v Br\'azdil and 4 other authors Download PDF Abstract: We study the qualitative and quantitative zero-reachability problem in Over-the-counter medical products aren't as closely regulated as prescription drugs, noted CBS News medical contributor Dr. Patients without symptoms do not need to undergo testing. ![]() Patients with any signs of infection should immediately contact their health care provider for evaluation and treatment. Patients who have used recalled eye drops should assess if they have any of the following symptoms commonly associated with eye infections: When should I see a doctor for testing or treatment? Patients who have previously used potentially unsafe products and those who currently use them should contact their doctor and ask for a safe substitute. The CDC and FDA urge patients to immediately stop using the recalled eye drops - even if you haven't yet experienced an adverse reaction. What if I currently use the recalled drops? Drug-resistant strains of the bacteria cause more than 30,000 infections annually among hospitalized patients in the U.S. Pseudomonas aeruginosa can spread from one person to another through contaminated hands, equipment or surfaces, according to the CDC. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which occurs naturally in the environment, can spread to humans who are exposed to contaminated water or soil. The people who were sickened most commonly reported using EzriCare brand eye drops, while some patients used multiple brands.Įye drops can cause infections in other parts of the body because the eye connects to the nasal cavity through the tear ducts and germs can move from the nasal cavity into the lungs. That represents one additional death and six additional patients with vision loss since the last tally in March. Four of those patients have died and 14 have reported vision loss, according to the agency. ![]() Health officials said the outbreak is linked to using artificial tears. What are the risks?Īs of May 15, the CDC had identified 81 patients across 18 states who had been infected by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. On January 20, the CDC told doctors to avoid recommending the EzriCare product. In January, testing confirmed the Florida cases were caused by the same bacteria strain as cases in California, Connecticut and Utah. Over the course of the year, other states received multiple reports of drug-resistant Pseudomonas, including a report of a Washington man who died after suffering bloodstream infection linked to over-the-counter eye drops. The institution also determined the bacteria is resistant to many antibiotics. The hospital that reported the first infection determined it was caused by the Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria, which can cause infections in the blood, lungs or other parts of the body. Local health officials identified several more cases in subsequent months, with patients reporting eyes inflamed with heavy yellow pus that obscured most of the pupil. How were problems with eye drops first detected?Īccording to the Associated Press, a patient in Los Angeles County, California, who had seen an ophthalmologist in the spring of 2022 developed an eye infection. Pharmedica warned that patients who use the contaminated eye drops can risk going blind, but the company said it has not received any reports of infection or illness related to its product. Pharmedica "Purely Soothing, 15% MSM Drops." Pharmaceutical firm Pharmedica USA on March recalled two lots of "Purely Soothing, 15% MSM Drops," also over sterility concerns. The company said it initiated the recall "out of an abundance of caution" over concerns that cracks in some of the units' caps could compromise the drops' sterility and lead to infection.Īn Apotex spokesperson said the company has observed four bottles with cracked caps and that there have been no reports of negative health outcomes related to the product. ![]() Apotex "Brimonidine Tartrate Ophthalmic Solution, 0.15%." Another manufacturer, Apotex, on March 1 recalled six lots of its own brand of glaucoma drops, called "Brimonidine Tartrate Ophthalmic Solution, 0.15%," which is for patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension.
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